Type 1 wheels shall be mounted between flanges. (d) Muting (bypassing of the protective function) of such device, during the upstroke of the press slide, is permitted for the purpose of parts ejection, circuit checking, and feeding. Tail rods or extension piston rods shall be guarded in accordance with paragraphs (m) and (o) of this section, or by a guardrail on sides and end, with a clearance of not less than fifteen (15) nor more than twenty (20) inches when rod is fully extended. After hearing. By a band guard covering the face of gear and having flanges extended inward beyond the root of the teeth on the exposed side or sides. (23) Die shoe means a plate or block upon which a die holder is mounted. Necessary maintenance or repair or both shall be performed and completed before the press is operated. (ii) Inclined and vertical shafts, particularly inclined idler shafts, shall be securely held in position against endwise thrust. (b) 12-inch diameter wheel, 1,000 revolutions per minute. (43) Operator's station means the complete complement of controls used by or available to an operator on a given operation for stroking the press. Where any portion of the train of gears guarded by a band guard is less than six (6) feet from the floor a disk guard or a complete enclosure to the height of six (6) feet shall be required. The renewal request will be processed in accordance with subsection I.B. (i) Diamond wheels, except certain vitrified diamond wheels. (B) Guards used as supplemental safeguarding shall conform to the design, construction and application requirements of paragraph (c)(2) of this section, and shall be interlocked with the press control to prevent press PSDI operation if the guard fails, is removed, or is out of position. (64) Certification or certify means, in the case of design certification/validation, that the manufacturer has reviewed and tested the design and manufacture, and in the case of installation certification/validation and annual recertification/revalidation, that the employer has reviewed and tested the installation, and concludes in both cases that the requirements of 1910.217 (a) through (h) and appendix A have been met. 1910.137 Electrical protective equipment. 4. B. Analytical methods may be used in lieu of, in combination with, or in support of tests to satisfy specification requirements. (2) At the rear ends of frames over which feed conveyors run, sprockets and chains shall be guarded at the sides by plates projecting beyond the periphery of sprockets and the ends of lugs. (1) Flywheels. broken springs). (4) Pressure pipes. An upper and a lower die make a complete set. 1910.1047 Ethylene oxide. The requirements for OSHA recognition of a third-party validation organization for the PSDI standard are that the program has fulfilled the requirements of section II of this appendix for qualifications and of section III of this appendix for program requirements, and the program has identified appropriate test and analysis methods to meet the requirements of the PSDI standard and appendix A. f. The applicant shall certify that the information submitted is accurate. (iv) An interlocked press barrier guard shall be attached to the press frame or bolster and shall be interlocked with the press clutch control so that the clutch cannot be activated unless the guard itself, or the hinged or movable sections of the guard are in position to conform to the requirements of Table O-10. (d) Conveyors passing over areas that are occupied or used by employees shall be so guarded as to prevent the material transported from falling and causing injury to employees. All manually operated valves and switches shall be clearly identified and readily accessible. (i) Guards for horizontal overhead belts shall run the entire length of the belt and follow the line of the pulley to the ceiling or be carried to the nearest wall, thus enclosing the belt effectively. Grinding is always performed on rim face, W dimension. 5. (ii) Safety triprod. The Assistant Secretary, or a special designee for this purpose, will make a preliminary decision whether the applicant has met the requirements for recognition based on the completed application file and the written staff recommendation, as well as the statement of reasons by the applicant if there is a recommendation of disapproval. 2. (vii) Controls for more than one operating station shall be designed to be activated and deactivated in complete sets of two operator's hand controls per operating station by means capable of being supervised by the employer. (60) Brake monitor means a sensor designed, constructed, and arranged to monitor the effectiveness of the press braking system. (4) Gravity hammers mean a class of forging hammer wherein energy for forging is obtained by the mass and velocity of a freely falling ram and the attached upper die. It shall include instruction relative to the following items for presses used in the PSDI mode. from the floor or platform may be guarded with a disk covering the spokes. For full revolution clutch presses with only one engaging point Tm is equal to the time necessary for one and one-half revolutions of the crankshaft. Brake design parameters important to PSDI are high torque, low moment of inertia, low air volume (if pneumatic) mechanisms, non-interleaving engagement springs, and structural integrity which is enhanced by over-design. (iii) Type 27A cutting-off wheels are designed to be mounted by means of flat, not relieved, flanges having matching bearing surfaces and which may be less than one-third but shall not be less than one-fourth the wheel diameter. Suitable reinforcement shall be provided for the ceiling rafters or overhead floor beams, where such is necessary, to sustain safely the weight and stress likely to be imposed by the guard. 1910.160 Fixed extinguishing systems, general. Appendix A to Subpart L of Part 1910Fire Protection (iii) When presses used in the PSDI mode have flywheel or bullgear running on crankshaft mounted journals and bearings, or a flywheel mounted on back shaft journals and bearings, periodic inspections following the press manufacturer's recommendations shall be made to ascertain that bearings are in good working order, and that automatic lubrication systems for these bearings (if automatic lubrication is provided) are supplying proper lubrication. (21) Die setter means an individual who places or removes dies in or from mechanical power presses, and who, as a part of his duties, makes the necessary adjustments to cause the tooling to function properly and safely. (See paragraph (d)(6) of this section.). (iv) The pull-out device shall protect the operator as specified in paragraph (c)(3)(i)(b) of this section, and shall include attachments for each of the operator's hands. 2. (iii) Paragraph (e)(1)(ii) of this section does not apply to presses that comply with paragraphs (b)(13) and (14) of this section. (e) Trip and emergency switches. The following Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) laws and regulations are most commonly applied to industrial machinery: OSHA 29 CFR 1910 General Industry Regulations OSHA 29 CFR 1910.211 Definitions OSHA 29 CFR 1910.212 General Requirements for Guarding All Machines OSHA 29 CFR 1910.213 Woodworking Machinery Requirements (6) Tonnage, stroke, and weight designation. All revolving collars, including split collars, shall be cylindrical, and screws or bolts used in collars shall not project beyond the largest periphery of the collar. The identified parts, components and subsystems shall be certified by the manufacturer to be able to withstand the functional and operational environments of the PSDI safety system. Compliance with 1910.217(h)(7). (ii) Tap wheels about 45 each side of the vertical centerline and about 1 or 2 inches from the periphery as indicated by the spots in Figure O-25 and Figure O-26. 1910.142 Temporary labor camps. Both types are reinforced, organic bonded wheels having offset hubs which permit side and peripheral grinding operations without interference with the mounting. 1910.219 - Mechanical power-transmission apparatus. (9) Repairs and maintenance. Learn more about the eCFR, its status, and the editorial process. The safety tripping devices shall be located within reach of the operator and the bite. In no case shall a warning device of leather or other material attached to the spindle be acceptable. 29 U.S.C. They shall be located in front of the saw and so arranged as to be in continual contact with the wood being fed. The employer shall provide means for handling scrap from roll feed or random length stock operations. (iii) If the cone is located less than 3 feet from the floor or working platform, the cone pulley and belt shall be guarded to a height of 3 feet regardless of whether the belt is endless or laced with rawhide. Forging hammers, counterblow equipment and high-energy-rate forging machines impart impact to the workpiece, while most other types of forging equipment impart squeeze pressure in shaping the stock. If it so determines, it shall validate the employer's certification that the PSDI safety system is in full conformance with all requirements of 29 CFR 1910.217(a) through (h) and this appendix A. 1 For wheels under 114 inches thick F dimension shall not exceed 40 percent of wheel thickness. Sections 1910.217 and 1910.219 also issued under 5 U.S.C. (66) Certification/validation and certify/validate means the combined process of certification and validation. (a) Attachments shall be connected to and operated only by the press slide or upper die. No changes found for this content after 1/03/2017. (iii) The intensity of illumination conforms to the requirements of ANSI A11.1-1965 (R-1970), which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6. Appendix C to Subpart T of Part 1910Alternative Conditions Under 1910.401(a)(3) for Recreational Diving Instructors and Diving Guides (Mandatory). The upper run shall be so guarded as to prevent contact therewith either by the worker or by objects carried by him. The upper rail shall be two by four (2 x 4) inches, or two one by four (1 x 4) strips, one at the top and one at the side of posts. (C) Maintain a certification record of each inspection, and each maintenance and repair task performed, under the general component of the inspection program that includes the date of the inspection, maintenance, or repair work, the signature of the person who performed the inspection, maintenance, or repair work, and the serial number, or other identifier, of the power press inspected, maintained, and repaired. (4) Each hand-fed jointer with horizontal cutting head shall have a guard which will cover the section of the head back of the gage or fence. (ii) A die enclosure guard shall be attached to the die shoe or stripper in a fixed position. The records shall include the manufacture and model number of each component and subsystem, the calculations of the safety distance as required by paragraph (h)(9)(v) of this section, and the stopping time measurements required by paragraph (h)(2)(ii) of this section. Higher voltages that may be necessary for operation of machine or control mechanisms shall be isolated from any control mechanism handled by the operator, but motor starters with integral Start-Stop buttons may utilize line voltage control. This prohibition is needed to increase the reliability of the presence sensing device in initiating a stroke only when the desired work motion has been completed. (iii) A means of selecting Off, Inch, Single Stroke, and Continuous (when the continuous function is furnished) shall be supplied with the clutch/brake control to select type of operation of the press. (i) It shall be the responsibility of the employer to provide and insure the usage of point of operation guards or properly applied and adjusted point of operation devices on every operation performed on a mechanical power press. 1910.1201 Retention of DOT markings, placards and labels. Examples: board hammers and air-lift hammers. 1910.219 Mechanical power-transmission apparatus. When brake wear or other factors extend press stopping time beyond the limit permitted by the brake monitor, adjustment, repair, or maintenance shall be performed on the brake or other press system element that extends the stopping time. The hood shall be constructed in such a manner and of such material that it will protect the operator from flying splinters and broken saw teeth. (4) Pulley speeds. Tight and loose pulleys on all new installations made on or after August 31, 1971, shall be equipped with a permanent belt shifter provided with mechanical means to prevent belt from creeping from loose to tight pulley. If the frame of the belt shifter does not adequately guard the nip point of the belt and pulley, the nip point shall be further protected by means of a vertical guard placed in front of the pulley and extending at least to the top of the largest step of the cone. 1910.119 Process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals. This clearance shall not exceed one-sixteenth inch. When frequent oiling must be done, openings with hinged or sliding self-closing covers shall be provided. (5) Excluded machinery. (v) All clutch/brake control electrical circuits shall be protected against the possibility of an accidental ground in the control circuit causing false operation of the press. They shall be designed to provide adequate holding power for all the thicknesses of materials being cut. The PSDI set-up/reset means required by paragraph (h)(6)(iv) may be initiated by the actuation of a special momentary pushbutton or by the actuation of a special momentary pushbutton and the initiation of a first stroke with two hand controls. (7) Nip-point belt and pulley guard means a device which encloses the pulley and is provided with rounded or rolled edge slots through which the belt passes. All new mill installations shall be installed so that the top of the operating rolls is not less than 50 inches above the level on which the operator stands, irrespective of the size of the mill. Conveyor Safety When used incorrectly, they can be dangerous. The OSHA-recognized third-party validation organization shall conduct tests, and/or review and evaluate the employer's installation tests, documentation and representations. Blotters need not be used with the following types of wheels: (ii) Abrasive discs (inserted nut, inserted washer, and projecting-stud type). Stopping distances shall be expressed in inches of surface travel of the roll from the instant the emergency stopping device is actuated. 1/1.1 (i) Projecting shaft ends shall present a smooth edge and end and shall not project more than one-half the diameter of the shaft unless guarded by nonrotating caps or safety sleeves. In all other industries, wood guards shall not be used. (j) Modified Types 6 and 11 wheel (terrazzo) - blotters applied flat side of wheel only. (xi) Where there is more than one operator of a press used for PSDI, each operator shall be protected by a separate, independently functioning, presence sensing device. Validation for Design Certification/Validation. (x) All components and subsystems of the control system shall be designed to operate together to provide total control system compliance with the requirements of this section. Usage experience should also include failure data supporting adequacy of the design. 3. It should be noted that this does not require redundancy for press components such as structural elements, clutch/brake mechanisms, plates, etc., for which adequate reliability may be achieved by proper design, maintenance, and inspection. (13) Control reliability. Each continuous line of shafting shall be secured in position against excessive endwise movement. (4) The Assistant Secretary shall review the record, the decision by the administrative law judge, and the exceptions. 14, 1988]. (52) Stop control means an operator control designed to immediately deactivate the clutch control and activate the brake to stop slide motion. (25) Face of slide means the bottom surface of the slide to which the punch or upper die is generally attached. The control system shall require that each sensing field be interrupted the selected number of times prior to initiating a stroke. (vi) A holdout or a restraint device shall protect the operator as specified in paragraph (c)(3)(i)(c) of this section and shall include attachments for each of the operator's hands. 1910.9 Compliance duties owed to each employee. The cone belt and pulley shall be equipped with a belt shifter so constructed as to adequately guard the nip point of the belt and pulley. Overhead rope drive and block and roller-chain-drive guards shall be not less than six (6) inches wider than the drive on each side. 2. (i) A suitable enclosure shall be provided to prevent damaged or detached boards from falling. (7) All cracked saws shall be removed from service. 1910.216 Mills and calenders in the rubber and plastics industries. For full revolution clutch presses with more than one engaging point, Tm shall be calculated as follows: Tm = [ 12 + (1 Number of engaging points per revolution)] time necessary to complete one revolution of the crankshaft (seconds). If you work for a Federal agency, use this drafting (1) General requirements. Belts which of necessity must be shifted by hand and belts within seven (7) feet of the floor or working platform which are not guarded in accordance with this section shall not be fastened with metal in any case, nor with any other fastening which by construction or wear will constitute an accident hazard. (2) Calender means a machine equipped with two or more metal rolls revolving in opposite directions and used for continuously sheeting or plying up rubber and plastics compounds and for frictioning or coating materials with rubber and plastics compounds. They may be steel centered, diamond abrasive or organic bonded abrasive of the plain or reinforced type. A PSDI safety system which has received installation certification/validation shall undergo recertification/revalidation the earlier of: a. 1910.122 Table of contents. f. The instrument used to measure reaction time shall be calibrated to be accurate to within 0.001 second. A copy of the certification/validation report shall be maintained on file at the validation organization and/or validating laboratory, and shall be available to the public upon request. (c) The safety distance (Dm) between the two hand trip and the point of operation shall be greater than the distance determined by the following formula: Dm = minimum safety distance (inches); 63 inches/second = hand speed constant; Tm = the maximum time the press takes for the die closure after it has been tripped (seconds). 553. If the increase in press stopping time exceeds the brake monitor setting limit defined in paragraph (h)(5)(iii), the test shall be considered unsuccessful, and the cause of the excessive stopping time shall be investigated. 7, 1996]. When a recognized validation organization has filed such a renewal request, its current recognition will not expire until a final decision has been made on the request. (v) A covered container shall be provided to store dross skimmings. ), (8) Top grinding. (ii) Brake systems on presses used in the PSDI mode shall have sufficient torque so that each average value of stopping times (Ts) for stops initiated at approximately 45 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees, respectively, of crankshaft angular position, shall not be more than 125 percent of the average value of the stopping time at the top crankshaft position. (i) Wood guards may be used in the woodworking and chemical industries, in industries where the presence of fumes or where manufacturing conditions would cause the rapid deterioration of metal guards; also in construction work and in locations outdoors where extreme cold or extreme heat make metal guards and railings undesirable. Pulleys serving as balance wheels (e.g., punch presses) on which the point of contact between belt and pulley is more than six feet six inches (6 ft. 6 in.) 1910.103 Hydrogen. The guard for the portion of the blade between the sliding guide and the upper-saw-wheel guard shall protect the saw blade at the front and outer side. 1910.262 Textiles. 3. Equip.) Following a deactivation of PSDI by the timer, the system shall make it necessary to reset the set-up/reset means in order to reactivate the PSDI mode. The spindle speed of the machine shall be checked before mounting of the wheel to be certain that it does not exceed the maximum operating speed marked on the wheel. (10) Snagging means grinding which removes relatively large amounts of material without regard to close tolerances or surface finish requirements. (4) Reconstruction and modification. Where guard is exposed to contact with moving equipment additional strength may be necessary. (1) Type 1 straight wheels means wheels having diameter, thickness, and hole size dimensions, and they should be used only on the periphery. The sides of the trough shall come within at least six (6) inches of the underside of table, or if shafting is located near floor within six (6) inches of floor. A safety trip control shall be provided in front and in back of each mill. Acceptable design features shall demonstrate, in the following order or precedence, that: (1) No single failure points may cause injury; or. The scale shall be marked to indicate that brake adjustment and/or replacement is required. Where guard is exposed to contact with moving equipment additional strength may be necessary. Conveyor safety hazards are varied, and the most common type is contact with the moving belt or other parts. The test shall be considered successful if the stopping time remains within that which is determined by paragraph (h)(9)(v) for the safety distance setting. When frequent oiling must be done, openings with hinged or sliding self-closing covers shall be provided. Adjustment of the location of the PSDI presence sensing device shall require use of a special tool available only to the authorized persons. The interior surface of all guards, by which is meant the surface of the guard with which a belt will come in contact, shall be smooth and free from all projections of any character, except where construction demands it; protruding shallow roundhead rivets may be used. The variance in flange diameters, the adaptor nut being less than one-third wheel diameter, and the use of side pressure in wheel operation limits the use to reinforced organic bonded wheels. Guarding of clutches, cutoff couplings, and clutch pulleys -. (f) Certain Type 1 and Type 27A cutting-off wheels. 1. [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 43 FR 49750, Oct. 24, 1978; 43 FR 51760; Nov. 7, 1978; 49 FR 5323, Feb. 10, 1984; 61 FR 9227, March 7, 1996; 69 FR 31882, June 8, 2004], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. The objective of the certification/validation program is to demonstrate and document that the system satisfies specification and operational requirements for safe operations. [Reserved] A U type guard is permissible. (7) Lubrication. a. Subpart O - Machinery and Machine Guarding. The test specification and procedure shall be submitted to the validation organization for review and validation prior to the test. The clutch/brake control system shall be designed and constructed to prevent actuation of the clutch if all operating stations are bypassed. (2) Ambient relative humidity of 99 percent. (5) Ripping and ploughing shall be against the direction in which the saw turns. It shall be ascertained that the springs have not been broken and that they are functioning properly. The manufacturer shall submit to the validation organization the technical analysis such as Hazard Analysis, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, Stress Analysis, Component and Material Selection Analysis, Fluid Compatability, and/or other analyses which may be necessary to demonstrate, compliance with the following requirements: Sections 1910.217(h)(8) (i) and (ii); (h)(2) (ii) and (iii); (h)(3)(i) (A) and (C), and (ii); (h)(5) (i), (ii) and (iii); (h)(6) (i), (iii), (iv), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), and (xvii); (h)(7) (i) and (ii); (h)(9) (iv), (v), (viii), (ix) and (x); (h)(10) (i) and (ii). 1910.125 Additional requirements for dipping and coating operations that use flammable liquids or liquids with flashpoints greater than 199.4 F (93 C). Shafting under bench machines shall be enclosed by a stationary casing, or by a trough at sides and top or sides and bottom, as location requires. 4. The upper run shall be so guarded as to prevent contact therewith either by the worker or by objects carried by him. However, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health developed a mathematical model that helps predict the risk of injury based on the weight being lifted and accounts for many additional factors. The Office of the Federal Register publishes documents on behalf of Federal agencies but does not have any authority over their programs. Where loose pulleys or idlers are not practicable, belt perches in form of brackets, rollers, etc., shall be used to keep idle belts away from the shafts. The penetration depth factor shall be determined from Graph h-1 using the minimum object sensitivity size. All trip and emergency switches shall not be of the automatically resetting type, but shall require manual resetting. (8) Forging rolls mean a class of auxiliary forging equipment wherein stock is shaped between power driven rolls bearing contoured dies. 7, 1996; 69 FR 31882, June 8, 2004]. This exposure shall begin at a point not more than 65 above the horizontal plane of the wheel spindle. Tp = Longest presence sensing device response time, in seconds. (50) Single stroke mechanism means an arrangement used on a full revolution clutch to limit the travel of the slide to one complete stroke at each engagement of the clutch. An open space, not exceeding four (4) inches in width, may be left between the outside edge of the disk and the rim of the wheel if desired, to facilitate turning the wheel over. Prior to conducting the brake system test required by paragraph (h)(2)(ii), a visual check shall be made of the springs. 3. 1910.162 Fixed extinguishing systems, gaseous agent. 11. The mounting features shall conform with all requirements of this section. The validation organization shall notify the appropriate product manufacturer(s) of any reports from employers of point of operation injuries which occur while a press is operated in a PSDI mode. Minimum object sensitivity describes the largest acceptable size of the interruption in the sensing field. When dies are being changed or maintenance is being performed on the press, the following shall be accomplished: (i) The power to the press shall be locked out. (b) The control system shall be designed to permit an adjustment which will require concurrent pressure from both hands during the die closing portion of the stroke. For saws with tilting tables or tilting arbors the fence shall be so constructed that it will remain in a line parallel with the saw, regardless of the angle of the saw with the table. Since that time there have been several revisions, 1987, 1990, 1993, an Addenda in 1992, 2003, 2009, 2012, and 2015. Standard conditions shall be secured by the use of the following materials. 1910.184 Slings. (b) Abrasive discs (inserted nut, inserted washer, and projecting stud type). (d) Design, construction, setting and feeding of dies -. switch to drafting.ecfr.gov. (f) It shall offer maximum visibility of the point of operation consistent with the other requirements. 1910.108 [Reserved] (2) Stopping limits for mills. tensile strength 60,000 p.s.i.). (3) Feed rolls shall be guarded by a hood or suitable guard to prevent the hands of the operator from coming in contact with the in-running rolls at any point. here. 1910.2 Definitions. Equip.) "Published Edition". (i) The employer shall establish a diesetting procedure that will insure compliance with paragraph (c) of this section. (6) Emphasis is placed upon the importance of maintaining cleanliness around woodworking machinery, particularly as regards the effective functioning of guards and the prevention of fire hazards in switch enclosures, bearings, and motors.
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